Advantages and disadvantages of a motorcycle Essay

All over the world are millions of motorcycles. With different shapes, colors, and dimensions. This is a motor vehicle similar to a bicycle but usually larger and heavier, chiefly for one rider but some times having two saddles or an attached side car for passenger. Also a motorcycle is fun and very useful but also dangerous. Motorcycles have many advantages and disadvantages. First, one of the advantages of this kind of vehicle is the gas miles per gallon. Motorcycles have smaller engines so they consume less gas. Therefore, a regular motorcycle usually expends fifty-five miles per gallon. For example; if you ride daily ten miles, you have to fill the tank ones each with two or thee gallons of fuel. Second, another advantage is that motorcycles have more parking facilities. Bikes usually have more parking because they are less popular than cars and also smaller. For example; In my college are building a new parking garage but now a days there is no parking for cars, but there is parking for motorcycles. Third, the last advantage is the maintaining of a motorcycle. Maintaining a motorcycle is very inexpensive. Riders usually change the oil and fix the problems. Perhaps, this service is very inexpensive. Also, the parts of a motorcycle are less expensive than cars. Some bikes just cost the same as just the engine of a car. On the other hand, one of the disadvantages is the weather condition. Riders have to check the weather before the go out because this vehicle don’t have roof neither windows that can guard you from the water, iced, and high and low temperatures. Furthermore, another disadvantage is the storage space. Motorcycles cant moved big goods. They usually have small compartment that you can storage a backpack or some grocery bags. If you have to move a box or you did a huge shopping, you will need a car. Last but not least, motorcycles are dangerous. This vehicle doesn’t have safe systems like air bags or safety belt. Therefore, you are the bumper of the bike. Usually a motorcycle accident is dangerous than a car accident.. To sum up, motorcycles have advantages and disadvantages like good gas millage, more parking spaces and inexpensive maintenance otherwise they are dangerous, not weather proof and less storage facilities. In my personal opinion, I think that having a motorcycle is awesome but with respect and attention.

World Issues: Comparing two articles – Colin Powell at the World Summit

Recently many of the worlds leaders met in Johannesburg for the earth summit. It was called to mark the 10th anniversary of a meeting in Rio de Janeiro which managed to set up a number of important environmental agreements. Unfortunately the USA's president, George Bush did not attend but sent his secretary of state, Colin Powell instead. There were 65, 000 delegates and 174 countries were represented. The first earth summit, hosted in Rio de Janeiro (1992) managed to set up several agreements, based on the environment and the future shape of global industrial development. It set up an agenda called agenda 21. This agenda set out the way that planet-wide environmental improvements could be achieved if local authorities made more of a priority of issues such as recycling and energy conservation. Now looking back at the summit from 10 years in the future, I personally think it was a failure, nothing seems to have changed. Problems such as pollution and energy conservation just seem to have gotten worse. Although things like recycling have begun to grow in some countries e. g. UK. The Articles The Sun article states facts about what happened when Colin Powell was eing â€Å"heckled†. It has little information about what was actually discussed. It could have stated the history behind the summit and the reasons for the heckling. The Times article is more â€Å"in depth†. It goes behind the summit and states its background while still stating information about Colin Powell's heckling and also the achievements of the summit e. g. the agreement, aimed at reducing world poverty and protecting the environment. It also has statements from the some of the world leaders such as â€Å"there should not be any more such mega-summits† which was ade by the Prime Minister of Denmark and the president of the European Union. Comparing the two articles, I find that The Times article is more detailed than The Sun article. Also there are the differences in language which you find between a tabloid (Sun) and a broadsheet (Times). The Sun seems to deal with the main issue of Colin Powell's heckling while The Times deals with the summit as a whole with Colin Powell's heckling included. The writers approach the article in different ways because of the types of newspaper they work for (e. g. tabloid) and perhaps there ersonal opinion on the subject. The Sun article is based more on the interesting parts of the incident with Colin Powell and also has hints of the writers opinion e. g. â€Å"agreement was branded inadequate†. While The Times article deals with issues of the summit and includes information about Colin Powell's heckling. e. g. â€Å"Powell's speech made it clear that the Bush administration has written off the planet† Both articles are biased but The Sun is more than The Times. The Sun seems to be pro-America which means most of its comments seem to make America seem in the right and are trying to create sympathy for Colin Powell. But The Times is very critical of America â€Å"Bush has written off the planet† even though it is critical, it does not mean that its against America but it does seems to â€Å"nit-pick†. To draw this to a close, I think that The Times article and The Sun article expressed different opinions on these events. Some points were bad while others were good. I believe that The Times article is the best due to its contrast of opinion and â€Å"in depth† information of the summit. I think that the Johannesburg summit like its predecessor was a failure even though some agreements were made. Some of the delegates branded the agreements inadequate therefore not everyone liked it. Also one of the biggest problems (America) did not seem to take much notice and as I stated have written off the planet. The main problem with putting agreements into practice is that perhaps some countries will adopt a scheme but not all countries will so the problem goes on and that some of the people on these countries will not do the extra work required to make it work (e. g. Recycling)

Compare and contrast antigone&letter from a Birmingham jail essay Essay

It is very impressive how Antigone and the â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail† essay are very similar despite being written in two different time periods. Antigone and Martin Luther King Junior both fought for what was good for their society. Antigone buried her brother despite the king stating that her brother was a traitor and that nobody should bury him or honor him in any way. Antigone believed that nobody could dishonor or override the gods, that includes the king. Antigone was punished. She was thrown into a cave and walled off to die slowly but she committed suicide instead. Antigone fought for what was morally right. Martin Luther king Jr. fought for civil rights in the south. At the time the south was segregated between whites and blacks,the whites often had the newest and best things. Dr. MLK believed that no matter your race, heritage or county of origin everyone should be treated equally and get to have the same opportunities to be successful. MLK got thrown in jail for parading, his anti-racism views. MLK successfully brought two different cultures of people together that had never been around each other before. neither group accepted each other with open arms but after a short backlash everyone learned to accept each other and live together as one. Dr. Martin Luther King was assassinated on a hotel balcony after standing up for what was right and what was needed to be done at the time. Antigone stood up to the king so she could respect the gods and MLK stood up for blacks civil rights. what makes them comparable is that they both changed society positively whether it be the culture or the spiritual side of things. There is a clear difference in how each protagonist died, but then Antigone and MLK go back to being very similar in the reason why they died. The man that shot Dr. Martin Luther King thought that he deserved to be punished, so that man in his mind did what he thought was the correct thing to do. In Antigone the king demonstrated the action that he thought was appropriate for Antigone disobeying his command. Both MLK and Antigone understood the risks but they still choose to stand up for what they believed what was right. MLK and Antigone are heroes who sacrificed themselves for the better of the world, both showed bravery when no one else would. Martin Luther King Jr. did what he did so future generations could be in peace with each other. Antigone did what she did to prove to the king that no mere mortal has the right to deny any person their rights to honor and pay their respects to the dead.

Constructing the Written Evidence-Based Proposal Essay

Constructing the Written Evidence-Based Proposal - Essay Example Implementing standardized screening tools and initiating treatment based on established protocols, can prevent disease progression and an increased complication rate. These interventions can potentially decrease the length of stay and health care costs. Medical researchers have researched on this syndrome and have come up with the possible solutions to curb it. Once identified and confirmed, the patient must learn to administer injections, monitor his or her blood sugar and count carbohydrates. This medical condition requires consistent care, but technological advancement n monitoring this condition has made it possible to rectify this condition. This technology will prove extremely useful if physicians and medical personal take the initiative to educate type 1 diabetes mellitus patients, on how to use it for continuous and effective self-management of their disease. One of the devices that apply this technology is the Guarding RT, which provides users with constant glucose readings and has alarms for hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. In addition, physicians and support medical personnel should educate and encourage type 1 diabetes mellitus patients to use rapid-acting insulin instead of regular insulin. Rapid-active insulin, which is used after every meal, is more effective than regular insulin in the control of postprandial blood glucose levels and also brings about fewer episodes of postprandial hypoglycemia than regular insulin. For juvenile patients to control their type 1 diabetes effectively, they need to make independent decisions on a daily basis concerning insulin intake, diet, and exercise. The new solution entails involving family physicians in the encouragement of patients manage their condition on a constant basis by teaching them techniques of tight glycemic control, through accurate and rapid adjustment of insulin dosages and changing their lifestyle in a manner that reduces the risk of developing complications (Wakefield, 2011). Keywords: diabete s mellitus, postprandial blood glucose, juvenile patients, Guarding RT. Problem statement Current methods of managing diabetes mellitus type 1 involve insulin replacement therapy, dietary management, and careful blood glucose monitoring using glucose monitors. Current methods of glycemic control are quite complicated and, therefore, juveniles with diabetes type 1 mellitus have to visit the hospital on a regular basis for accurate blood glucose level checks. Additionally, they have to visit a healthcare facility during cases of sudden hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia which may have adverse effects on health. When sugar levels in the blood build up, as a result of lack of insulin, several complications can arise. One is dehydration as a result of increased urination as the body tries to clear this excess sugar fro the body. Alot of water is therefore lost through this process. Another complication that results are weight loss. Loss of sugar in the body translates to loss of calories that provide the energy required in the body. Dehydration also contributes to this weight loss. Diabetic Ketoacidosis can also result. This is an extremely severe complication that arises from the increased pile up of excess sugar, acids, and dehydration. This should be curbed immediately as it is life-threatening. Damage to the body can also result if not treated early. High sugar levels in t

Is The Holocaust Unique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Is The Holocaust Unique - Essay Example Holocaust is the term used to describe the Nazi genocide of the Jewish people during World War II (Oxford Reference). The term â€Å"holocaust† has been used by many to describe other mass violations against humanity. The word â€Å"holocaust† is derived from holokaustos in the Greek translation of the bible and means a â€Å"completely consumed burnt offering†. The Gypsies (Romanis), the Armenians, and the Chinese under Mao all experienced one form or another of genocide. To some extent the terms genocide and holocaust have been used interchangeably to describe a mass killing of a people. So, what’s the difference? Mass killings can be called genocide but not necessarily a holocaust. The Jewish Holocaust was an attempt to kill off a specific race of people regardless of where they lived. Hitler’s version of holocaust was to kill off every Jew everywhere in the world with the intent of controlling the world with his allies. This was all inclusive, no exceptions! Genocide has been defined as being an eight stage process: Classification, Symbolization, Dehumanization, Organization, Polarization, Preparation, Extermination, and Denial. It’s when the eight stage process gets to â€Å"extermination† that their actions have earned the title â€Å"genocide†. The difference between genocide and a holocaust is that any one of the above listed eight stages is genocide. Holocaust is all the stages, one thru eight, with the intent to totally exterminate a people. The Holocaust's victims were considered to be so inferior, so threatening that their existence had to be completely eliminated (Rosenbaum, 22-23). The Nazi's called this plan "die Endlosung", the final solution to the Jewish question (Rosenbaum, 22). 2. A survivor's account. Alexander Kimel, a holocaust survivor, explains that the difference between Genocides and the Holocaust are the rates of survival (Kimel, p1.). Keep in mind that this is not an argument of numbers killed but an argument of recovery. China's Mao killed 10 million out of 800 million (1.23%), Stalin's numbers were 10 million out of 230 million (4.3%), and in the early phases of World War II out of 10,000 Jews 9900 were killed (99%). And, that trend continued through out World War Two. Recovery can and did take place in China and Russia. In Europe the Jewish community remains but a fragment of what it was and does not continue in the same ways as prior to World War Two. Many Jewish communities that had existed in Europe prior to World War Two are gone. All that remains of many communities are their vandalized cemeteries. 3. What is the purpose of the discussions about the Holocaust and genocide The Jewish community as a whole has kept alive their memories of the Holocaust. The Armenian and Romani communities have done the same. Yehuda Berger writes:

Communicable diseases Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Communicable diseases - Essay Example Approximately 2 billion persons in the world are infected with TB. In the United States (US) for instance, almost 15 million people are infected with TB. When it becomes active, TB kills 60% of the people who do not quest for medication. This percentage correlates with 3 million deaths experienced worldwide every year. In the US, approximately 20,000 TB infections take place every year (Denholm, Eisen, McBryde & Street, 2012). TB has treatment; when treated, about 90% of the active TB patients survive. Various governments including the federal government of Canada are working towards reducing the incidence, as well as the burden of TB. Among the efforts put by Canada include conducting investigations in order to enhance early detection as well as treatment of individuals having TB so as to control the spread of the disease. â€Å"Early detection as well as treatment of individuals with latent TB infection who are at high risk of progression to active TB disease† (Tuberculosis, 2012) is also one of the key component of not only an effective TB prevention, but also control program. The occurrence and spread of TB are highly influenced by social determinants related to health. In connection with this assertion, many governments are championing collaborative actions so as to address the risk factors for TB. According to Public Health Agency of Canada (2014), the environmental factors related to TB include overcrowding housing, poor ventilation as well as homelessness. Additionally, the Public Health Agency of Canada also claims that unsanitary living conditions, as well as lower income levels, contribute significantly to the occurrence and spread of TB. In connection with CDC assertion, it is evident that overcrowding as well as poor ventilation exposes people to fluids containing the TB bacterium. As introduced above, it is clear that TB is regarded as a â€Å"disease of the poor and socially disadvantaged† (Chandler,

Tele Vision as an Advertisement Media Research Proposal

Tele Vision as an Advertisement Media - Research Proposal Example Regardless of the media or method selected, the main aim of advertisement is to convince the target audience that they have a need for the product. Through advertisement, the suppliers/marketers are trying to create an image about the product with the help of linguistic and artistic elements. The present research paper looks on how an advertisement campaign for an expensive chocolate be planned and implemented effectively through television channels to reach its target audience. The target audience consists of women in the age group of 20 to 40. The paper takes a narrative approach for explaining the various aspects of advertisement campaign and its effectiveness to the business. Everything in business demands planning for effective implementation and controlling. In advertisement also, a well planned campaign can do a better job than one which is not. Advertisement Planning gives a detailed blue print of what and how it is done at various stages of campaign. The present campaign is planned to be conducted through television to reach the target audience comprising of women in the age group of 20 to 40. A popular channel such as entertainment or sports channel is suggested for selection. The company is a chocolate manufacturing firm in the U.K. which has been in existence for some time in the market doing similar business. The new product is an addition to company's product lines, all of which have a sound customer support and brand equity. The new product which focuses on the customers, who are in the age group of 20 to 40, uses an innovative imported technology and it is going to capture the market in the next six months. The product and Brand name The product is an expensive chocolate, which has exceptional features than that available in the market. The company claims that the content of chocolate is highly recommended for the health of women in the age group of 20 to 40. The brand name decided for the product is Enclate. The brand name 'Enclate' is registered and trade mark for the same has already been sanctioned by the authority concerned. The word 'Enclate' is written using special letters, which the company developed in consultation with the advertisement agency. Objectives of Advertisement Campaign The objectives of advertisement campaign are inseparably connected with that of marketing strategy of the firm, which in turn is associated with the overall corporate strategy. To achieve and maintain the target market within the desired time frame, the firm has set the following specific objectives: 1. To disseminate knowledge about the company, its values etc to its customers and to the general public. 2. To convey about the brand, price, other promotions and distributions (Setting the advertising objective, p.2) 3. To create awareness about chocolates in general and Enclate in particular 4. To create a distinct brand image apart from other similar brands 5. To stimulate the customers to purchase the product Target Audience The company has already fixed the target audience for Enclate. Women in the age group of 20 to 40 constitute the target group for the product. Normally, this group does not take chocolates as a habit. But, the

Food Memoir Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Food Memoir - Essay Example My grandmother made sure that all of us were present for dinner together. Today we cherish those moments and value the tradition as we realize that food holds the family together. I have always seen my mother do the shopping and as I grew up I used to accompany her to the malls. I used to be amazed at the way she knew exactly what was required for the kitchen and in what quantities! She took care of the personal food habits of all of us in the family and till date I admire this quality in her. If only a few things were required, she would buy them from the street vendor occasionally. As children, we were expected to go to bed early but we were given the privilege of sitting down together for dinner. Ours was a closely knit family and my parents and grandmother used to have an early meal with us. After we went to bed, they lazed around over coffee and clearing the table. Meals were always sat at the dinner table and never in front of the television. Today when I see the distractions that the television causes, I realize and value the teachings and the discipline during food. We learned to value food, we learned to taste food and we learned to enjoy food. Food eaten while watching a television show is merely â€Å"eaten† and not enjoyed. We enjoyed food and the food time. We were taught the table etiquettes which included saying the prayers before starting the meal. We also waited for our grandmother to start first and then we followed. We were not allowed to talk while munching on food and once I remember, when I was just about three years old, I made a gurgling noise as the soup was too hot! My mom immediately corrected me and said this was indecent. What I liked about my family was that we were never scolded but given reasons for doing or not doing something. That made it easier to remember it the next time and we seldom repeated it. At the end of the meal we again said a thanksgiving prayer. Oh, and we had to

Logistic and supply chain management. Need to aswer question 1 and 3 Case Study

Logistic and supply chain management. Need to aswer question 1 and 3 in - Case Study Example This information will be used to compute the annual cost for each customer type. Table 1 indicates that each of MoonChem’s 12 small customers uses chemical amounting to 12,000kg per annum. This means that they receive only one (1) shipment per annum. This stock will last them for three years and three months. It therefore means that a shipment is made once every three years. However, there are consignment costs and holding costs to be considered. Table 2 provides information on these costs. Table 2 indicates that the annual cost to MoonChem of sending full truck-loads to small customers is $604,800. $4,800 of this total relates to transportation, $120,000 to holding costs (calculated as 25% of consignment cost), and the largest portion of $480,000 relating to consignment costs. Table 1 indicates that there are six (6) medium sized customers, each of whom consumes 5,000kg of chemicals per month. The total usage for each of these customers is 30,000kg per annum. This indicates that only one shipment is required for each medium customer per annum. Table 3 provides a breakdown of the annual cost of sending full truck-loads to these customers. Table 3 indicates that two (2) truck-loads of inventory would be required for medium customers per annum. The transportation cost of sending these two (2) truck-loads of chemicals to medium-sized customers is $14,400 per annum, consignment cost $480,000 and holding cost $120,000 per annum. The table also indicates that the total cost of sending full truck-loads of chemicals to medium customers is $614,400. Information in the Table 1 indicates that there are two large customers, each of whom consumes 12,000kg of chemicals per month which suggests an annual consumption for each member of this customer group of 144,000kg of chemical per annum. It therefore means that a total of 288,000kg of chemicals is being consumed by this particular group of customers. Table 4 indicates that the total annual cost of sending full

International Accounting Standard Individual Assignement Essay

International Accounting Standard Individual Assignement - Essay Example "Most other efforts to bring clean water to the underserved citizens had relied on volunteerism and had ultimately failed. Those efforts were not market-based and proved to be unsustainable" Kaputt said. MIBW4A established a strong and mutually profitable partnership with the water vendors to help in the distribution of low salt level drinking water to the consumers (Salzman, 2012, p.5). Profitability: To create a sustainable business enterprise with a potential of generating revues excess of the operational costs, and be able to finance future growth. In addition, the company aims at establishing itself by developing quality brands, popular among its consumers. Community Building: MIBW4A would employ and hire technical and casual staff to service their water filters and serve the vendors or other distributors. Besides, the company will focus on community educational programs about benefits of consuming clean water. Corporate Social Responsibility - Environment: MIBW4A will bear the cost of externalities incurred in the process of boiling the water, by ensuring reduced deforestation (popularly associated with charcoal burning). This would be attained by reducing the demand and need for bottled and bagged water, which potentially pollutes and litter the environment. With a daily average of 150-350 venders, the company estimated that each consumer will need at least 1 litre clean drinking water on a daily basis. Within the first year, the company planned to acquire 50 water filters. By the end of three years of operation, MIBW4A estimates their customer base to reach 3000, thus calling for acquisition of more filters in the subsequent years. After conducting an extensive market research, MIBW4A introduced its purified water products priced at USD 0.08 per litre. By only attracting 12% of the potential consumers, the company estimated daily average sales of 450,000 litres of clean

Consumer in Hospitality Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consumer in Hospitality - Case Study Example Sociological factors such as family and friends influences. The physical environment such as it's location, setting and different activities offered. The marketing strategies will include the brand image, loyalty, visuals, advertisement (http://www.fourseasons.com/about_us/awards_and_accolades.html) Four Seasons was founded by Isadore "Issy" Sharp. After graduating from Toronto's Ryerson's Polytechnical institute with high grades in architecture, he joined his father in selling refurbished houses at a profit. However, it was his dream to build a hotel of his own. For 5years, he tried to find banks and investors to finance in his project. In the spring of 1961, Sharp's 126-room Inn was opened. Despite the hotel's poor location in Toronto's red light district, the hotel managed to attract many wealthy customers. His second venture, Toronto's Inn opened in 1963. The real fame came along with the Four Seasons Hotel at Hyde Park in London. Despite having average-than-higher room rates, it held 95% occupancy. Four Seasons now has 70 hotels in 31 countries, and more than 25 properties under development. Sales for the Toronto-based luxury hotel chain were $57.6 million this year. "My experience with this hotel took place in February, 2006. I travelled to this hotel with business colleagues. I recommend this hotel for: business travellers, couples and romantics, honeymooners, families with teenagers, large groups, seniors, tourists." "My experience with this hotel took place in March, 2006. My husband and I recently spent a weekend at the Four Seasons in Philadelphia. Having previously stayed at The Rittenhouse (couldn't get a reservation there) we expected a similar level of quality and sevice. It was not the case. We were kindly upgraded to a suite which was nice but not spectacular. We had dinner in The Fountain Restaurant which was very good but extremely expensive. The room service menu is limited and also extremely expensive (I stay in alot of first class hotels and the prices here are high). Took advantage of their spa twice and it was fine although nothing too special. Overall, it is a nice hotel but not the quality you would expect for a 4-Seasons.I wouldn't stay there again, there are a lot of excellent options in Philadelphia." "My experience with this hotel took place in March 2006. The one thing that stuck out in my whole experience there was the friendliness and attentiveness of ALL staff. From the front desk person coming out from behind the desk to show us where the elevator and restaurants were to the housekeeping staff giving us a big smile and "good morning" to the staff on the phone asking if there was anything else they could do for you when we had a question, it was top notch!! Good Job Four Seasons." Since the 1960s Four Seasons Hotel and Resorts have not only challenged the traditional luxury image and established itself amongst the top but has also proven to extend its own boundaries, "culminating in the re-opening of the flagship George V hotel in Paris in 1999, which offers guests a combination of old world luxury and modern amenities". Despite being very different from the first hotel opened in Toronto in 1961, its position as a luxury hotel as been the same in locations such as

Electoral College Of U.S.A Essay Example for Free

Electoral College Of U.S.A Essay The President and Vice-President of U. S. A are being elected by a body of electors. The scripter’s of U. S Constitution formulated an indirect method for electing the President and Vice-President. This method is known as the ‘Electoral College â€Å"which scripter viewed that would end in informed, educated persons being selected to their nation’s top position. However, each political party in U. S. A picks up their own cadres to act as electors to elect the top leaders. Thus, presidential candidates have to secure majority votes in the Electoral College for winning the election. In the U. S Presidential election, voters do not vote for President or Vice-President directly but pick up electors who are pledged to support their presidential candidates. Each State in U. S. A has as many electors at is has U. S Senators which will be normally two and U. S Representatives, the number will be depending upon the state’s population. For instance, the District of Colombia is having three electoral votes. Those presidential candidates who have the most popular votes win all of the state’s electoral votes. This is recognized as the â€Å"winner-take-all† rule. (The Columbia Encyclopedia, 2007). The electors in each state will assemble in their legislative assemblies and vote for presidential candidate during the election time. Thus, each state testimony its electoral votes and forwards the results to the U. S Congress which counts the ballots. The counting will be carried over by the Senate and the House of Representatives and it will review the â€Å"Electoral College† votes. The candidate who obtains the majority of 270 Electoral College votes out of total 538 wins despite of the outcome of the popular votes. In case, if there is a tie or if no candidate obtains a majority, then the House of Representatives picks up the President and the Senate picks up the Vice President. Due to the concept â€Å"winner-take-all† dictum, it is possible as it had happened in the year 2000 election (Bush v Al Gore), a candidate who win the popular vote and still lose the Electoral College. Dating from 1845, the federal law requires that electors must be chosen on the Tuesday following the first Monday in November and the counting of votes will be perused by the Congress on January 6. The Electoral College is vehemently attacked that it has to be reformed as it had given the country about 14 minority presidents. Thus, the following are the Presidents who had won the majority in the Electoral College even though they lacked behind in obtaining popular vote. It is to be observed that among the above mentioned Presidents, only Harrison, Hayes and George W. Bush failed to obtain a plurality of the popular vote. The main aim of the Electoral College system is to give more recognition to the less populace states on the basis of the number of a state’s electors on its senators and U. S representatives and to prevent the President to focus more attention to most populous states and on the problems significant to their voters. One of the main intentions of Electoral College is to make sure that most qualified candidate and not the most popular candidate would be chosen by electors on behalf of their states but by making an independent judgment. After the Twelfth Amendment, there were copious efforts to amend the Electoral College and to alter the system of presidential election, but none of them has succeeded. George W. Bush popular-vote loss and victory in Electoral College with a thin margin in the year 2000 again triggered the support for annulment of Electoral College system as it lacks natural justice in deciding the victory of the presidential election.

Governance And Ethics In Global Environment Business Essay

Governance And Ethics In Global Environment Business Essay This Assignment is part of ABE post graduate diploma and it is based on the British Petroleum plc a well known natural oil and gas industries. This assignment covers three main areas which include: Corporate Strategy, Governance and Ethics in the Global Environment. Module for ABE (PGD) Business Management assignment. This Assignment highlights and discusses about the ethical and corporate governance factors which are currently affecting the BP. By analyzing internal andexternal resources, environment, governance and ethics of the companyin complete. Evaluating how effectively the BP is managing these factors to achieve its corporate goals. To address the three main areas the assignment has been divided into 4-5 parts: 2.0 INTRODUCTION British Petroleum p.l.c (formerly known as Anglo-Persian Oil Company) is a registered oil and natural gas industry established on 14th April 1909 in United Kingdom. According to BP ultimate (2012), during theearly 1900s the search for oil was began by the Shah of Iran which was discovered in the mid of 1908 and it was known as the first major find in the Middle East. Its also say that BP was considered as a subsidiary of Burmah Oil Company under the name of Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC). However in 1935 it became as the Anglo-Iranian oil company (AIOC). After 45 years of flourishing services, in 1954 the company got registered by the name today we know which is the British Petroleum p.l.c. Although BP does not have a specifically labeled mission statement BPhas published a statement identifying its core interest is said to be progressive, responsible, innovative and performance driven (About.com retail industry, 2012).Each of these words in the statement being the main target of the company, describes its missions. These in general states that Bp creates a user friendly environment between them and their customers and also Bp would like to ensure that the products that they invent would be environmental friendly. British Petroleum plc (BP) markets its products in more than  70 countries and operates  22,400 gas stations worldwide with over nearly 80,000 employees. Being the worlds  third-largest energy company and fourth-largest in terms of revenues  integrated oil concern, It is  vertically-integrated  and is active in every area of the oil and gas industry, including  exploration  and production,  refining,  distribution and marketing,  petrochemicals,  powergeneration  and  trading. It also has major  renewable energy  activities, including in  bio fuels,  hydrogen,  solar  and  wind power (Corporate Watch, n.d). Today BP explores for oil and gas in  30 countries and has proventhat they reserves approximately 18.1 billion barrels of oil equivalent. Moreover, according to Corporate Watch (n.d) they are the largest oil and gas producer in the US and also a top refiner, with stakes in 16 refineries, processing  4 million barrels of crude oil per day. 3.0 METHOD OF INVESTIGATION Main source of information regarding the various strategies adopted by BP to confront competitive and unforeseen challenges like, Gulf of Mexico oil spills disasters was acquired through. BPwebsites, publicationsand International Oil Spill Conference served as the main sources of information on government policies, regulations and laws. Oil drilling regulationsand policiesare taken fromUK, USAand international oil and energy reports and periodic statistical reports published online. Apart from this,Bp annual reports 2011,articles, journal articles, websites, books and magazines. 4.0Literature review Integrated approach to good governance in the interests of a wide range of stakeholdershaving regard to the fundamental principles of good financial, social, ethical and environmental practice. Other developments over the past 10 years which have propelled CSR onto thegovernance agenda include publication of the Association of British Insurers (ABI)Disclosure Guidelines on Socially Responsible Investment (2001) (see page 24 fordetails) and the UK Turnbull report: Internal Control, Guidance for Directors on the Combined Code (2001), the latter which asks companies to consider the following:Are the significant internal and external operational, financial, compliance and otherrisks identified and assessed on an ongoing basis? (Significant risks may, for example,include those related to market, credit, liquidity, technological, legal, health, safety andenvironmental, reputation, and business probity issues).5 In Canada, for example, the Canadian Council of Chief Executives (CCCE), seeking to instill public confidence in capital markets and the enterprise system on the heels of the corporate scandals, published a statement, Governance, Values and Competitiveness: A Commitment to Leadership in 2002. They laid out their views on corporate governance, Facts, findings, discussion and analysis with suitable sections and headings; 5.0 Findings Situational Analysis The oil industry has shown great resilience in the face of competitive disasters and the fast evolving (PESTLE): political, social and economic climates, technological environment, Legal and Ecological. According to Cooper et al 1994, it is state critical that the necessary information about the internal and external environment be gathered before a constructive criticism is made. He also argues that the findings are a very minimum to cover the bases of PESTLE investigation, that is to examine the political, economic, social, technological, legal and Ecological changes that may affect the company and the market. Governments provide and enforce the rules including regulations and policies due to Gulf of Mexico oil spill, government are drafting more laws and regulations would required that drilling perform independent audits and hazard assessment designed to reduce accidents caused by Technological and human errors(Alan Levin, USA TODAY Updated  5/10/2010 4:48 PM  ).See PESTLE in Appendix 1,2. 5.1 Political factors: These refer to government policy such as the degree of intervention in the economy BP had one of the biggest engineering, logistical and financial problems the oil industry had ever faced, but the company was up to the challenge. BP also faced a massive political problem, perhaps the biggest such crisis for an oil company operating in the United States since Teddy Roosevelt broke up John D. Rockefellers Standard Oil. BPs failure to grasp the fact that its biggest challenge was in Washington, not the Gulf, has led to a series of gaffes and strategic communications errors that have inflamed public opinion, fanned the political firestorm and dragged the companys share price ever lower the spill cleanup to cost under $30 billion BPs market capitalization is down $100 billion, on expectations it will face fines of up to $30 billion as well as curbs on its business in the United States, its most important market. BPs handling of the spill from a crisis management perspective will go down in history as one of the great examples of how to make a situation worse by bad communications, said Michael Gordon, of New York-based crisis PR firm Group Gordon Strategic Communications. It was a combination of a lack of transparency, a lack of straight talking and a lack of sensitivity to the victims. When youre managing an environmental disaster of this magnitude you not only have to manage the problem but also manage all the stakeholders. The company also failed to tackle its image as a serial safety and environmental offender. That was especially true in the United States where regulators had blamed both a 2005 refinery blast that killed 15 workers and pipeline leaks in Alaska in 2006 on cost-cutting. BPs inability to precisely describe the improvements it has made in its safety and operational culture took us by surprise, BP would have faced public anger and political pressure Dispute on Iran and other middle east countries causes instability on Stock market prices and the crude oil price will 5.2 Economic factors: These include interest rates, taxation changes, economic growth, inflation and exchange rates. As you will see throughout the Foundations of Economics book economic change can have a major impact on a firms behavior. For example:                         higher interest rates may deter investment because it costs more to borrow                         a strong currency may make exporting more difficult because it may raise the price in terms of foreign currency                         inflation may provoke higher wage demands from employees and raise costs                         higher national income growth may boost demand for a firms products Current economical crisis and Euro zone, economic crisis is affecting the BP corporative objective of the company 5.3 Technological factors: New technologies create new products and new processes to drills deep sea. This will increase efficiency and cost effective way to carried out BP business. Latest technology improves BP production and environmental friendly way to operate its business. 5.4 Environmental and Ecological factors: Environmental factors include the weather and climate change. Changes in temperature can impact on many industries including farming, tourism and insurance. With major climate changes occurring due to global warming and with greater environmental awareness this external factor is becoming a significant issue for firms to consider. The growing desire to protect the environment is having an impact on many industries such as the travel and transportation industries (for example, more taxes being placed on air travel and the success of hybrid cars) and the general move towards more environmentally friendly products and processes is affecting demand patterns and creating business opportunities. When an oil slick from a large oil spill reaches the beach, the oil coats and clings to every rock and grain of sand. If the oil washes into coastal marshes, mangrove forests or other wetlands, fibrous plants and grasses absorb the oil, which can damage the plants and make the whole area unsuitable as wildlife habitat.Other Ecological factors include the wildlife animal, marine environment, High Dolphin Deaths, fishing birds and lots of fishes move from that area. 5.4 Legal factors: These are related to the legal environment in which firms operate. In recent years in the UK there have been many significant legal changes that have affected firms behavior. The introduction of age discrimination and disability discrimination legislation, an increase in the minimum wage and greater requirements for firms to recycle are examples of relatively recent laws that affect an organizations actions. Legal changes can affect a firms costs (e.g. if new systems and procedures have to be developed) and demand (e.g. if the law affects the likelihood of customers buying the good or using the service). 6.0 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY   After the Gulf of Mexico oil spilling incident BP investing billion on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is now prominent and evident more than ever due to the emphasis laid on businesses regarding environmental, social and ethical issues. This is because over the recent years, there have been social, political, ecological and economic pressures on corporate management to pay attention on social and environmental consequences of corporate activities. These pressures motivated the corporate management to actively participate in a wide range of social welfare activities. CSR now-a-days covers almost all issues like the use of child labor; inequality of employment; environmental impact; involvement in local community; products safety; company cultures; brand image and reputation. Apart from this, BPis now disclosing these activities in their annual reports, and one of the parameters to judge the performance of a BP is CSR reporting. CSR is defined by Naylor (1999) and mentioned in the work of Douglas  et al.  (2004) as the obligation of managers to choose and act in ways that benefit both the interests of the organization and those of society as a whole. Fraser (2005) describes CSR as sustainable development which needs to be carried out by all the publicly held companies. These companies need to be responsible not only for their shareholders, but also its stake holders like the employees, customers, suppliers, government and non-governmental organizations. The speech made by BP Senior Advisor Charles Nicholson in 2002 at the CSR Europe General assembly meeting: The boundaries to corporate social responsibility are conceptual. A companys primary responsibility is to its shareholders, to its owners. The boundaries are ideological. A company is not a government. It is not elected. It has no popular mandate. It mustnt confuse its role with the role of others. The boundaries are practical. A company has limited resources, limited expertise and limited reach. A company is not a panacea, a cure-all. The boundaries are influenced by self-interest. Business thrives if the society in which it operates thrives. To neglect this is to put at risk the interests of our shareholders. And however you look at it the boundaries are constantly changing. What was a boundary a few years ago is now a starting point. Bp is leading, accepting responsibilities and demonstrating to building community is a source of human progress through its CSR. At the most basic level it means delivering what we promise. It means being transparent in what we do. It means practicing universal standards of behavior and care and applying the skills we have and engaging constructively in society. Im not implying that business has complete answers. It doesnt, and one of the reasons for taking part in events like this one today is to listen to open a dialogue. Every company will also draw boundaries reflecting its own circumstances, of course. For most the key factors are experience and values. At BP weve defined our values in a document called What We Stand For. 7.0 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Jonathan Lister (2003), function of Corporate Governance,corporate governance encompasses the policies, initiatives and practices a corporation uses to accomplish its business goals and develop its infrastructure. The functions of corporate governance begin with a corporations shareholders and are passed to the elected board of directors, who are then in charge of developing governance strategies for the company as a whole. According to bp.com/section generic article,Good governance involves the clarity of roles and responsibilities, and the proper utilization of distinct skills and processes. The board is responsible for the direction and oversight of BP on behalf of shareholders and is accountable to them, as owners, for all aspects of BPs business. The board believes that good governance involves the clarity of roles and responsibilities, and the proper utilization of distinct skills and processes. The board therefore focuses on activities that enable it to promote shareholders interests, such as the active consideration of strategy, the monitoring of executive action, and ongoing board and executive management succession. To achieve this, it has developed and approved a set of corporate governance principles which set out its approach in this area. Most writings on governance situate its evolution within the backdrop of the corporate governance scandals at companies such as Enron, WorldCom and Lehman Brothers these two decade and this financial crises, which drove a concern for accountability and transparency amongst corporate leaders and regulators. This, coupled with growing shareholder activism, changing societal expectations about the role of corporations, and the globalization of capital markets, has resulted in a proliferation of governance principles and codes of conduct over the past 15 years. According to experts.blogs.lincoln.ac.uk, the impact of the BP oil spill in Gulf of Mexico has resulted in a fallen its share value by 45% and drop in its credit rating, downgraded by rating agencies such as Moodys, Standard and Poor and Fitch. There are fears that the claims from Americas worst environmental disaster could reach $100 billion.To cover the cost of the Gulf of Mexico oil spill BP has divest some of its noncore assets and reduced its capital investment to raise cash to compensation. The market has analyzed the impact of the Corporate Governance (CG) practices of BP and adjusted accordingly. Corporate governance is a vital issue for firms in the global market. To raise funds to finance their domestic and international growth requires firms to demonstrate strong CG credentials, so that investors do not discount their stock. To ensure all the corporate governance practices BP following one tire board system. 8.0 ETHICS One of the biggest environmental disasters happened around this time. The BP oil spill has left  undeniable impressions on how we view oil drilling and non-renewable sources of energy. This has had a knock-on effect on CSR, PR and marketing. The BP spill is possibly the most high-profile CSR/PR disaster of recent times. It is true that BP has had a questionable safety record, but the spill could have happened to any of the companies operating a deep sea rig. It is the nature of the business and demand for oil has made it profitable for oil companies to take these risks. Of course BP has accepted blame, but it has resulted in PR disasters for the company that has ultimately reflected on its CSR profile as well. A year after the spill BP is still gunning to get back into oil drilling the Gulf of Mexico, this time with higher safety standards. There are still questions about what these standards might be. Residents in the area have reported various health problems.  Of the 954 residents in seven coastal communities, almost half said they had experienced health problems like coughing, skin and eye irritation, or headaches that are consistent with common symptoms of chemical exposure. The aftermath of the spill is still being felt especially on the marine life in the region which in turn affects many livelihoods in the area.   Hundreds of very endangered Kemps Ridley sea turtles have been washing ashore and dead dolphins are showing up at  10 times the normal rate. Right after the spill,  over 6,000 birds, 600 sea turtles and 160 dolphins were killed. Traces of oil have been found in the larvae of blue crabs and researchers have found carcinogens in the water. These carcinogens have also  percolated  through the food chain affecting Gulf shrimp and fish which have been shown to contain toxic hydrocarbons. More than 20% of the endangered blue fintuna spawn  were killed in the spill. Despite the clean-up efforts, the  oil spill has damaged fragile coral reefs and dispersants being absorbed by zoo plankton and fish. The  effects  of the spill in the marshes and coastal areas will still be felt for years to come. A year on, there are still reports of tar balls being washed ashore which no one can verify because BP does not give reporters access to the beach. A year on and the biggest CSR disaster is that BP still has not issued any reports with real transparency regarding their clean-up efforts, compensation and concerns of safety in their operations. 9.0 CONCLUSIONS Despite domestic and international competition PB has managed to retain its position into the Market. This is mainly due to BP ability to successfully implementing Corporativegovernance, CSR/PR and other major changes necessary to overcome the challenges faced by Gulf of Mexico. Second factor is even after this unexpected incident BP had certain exclusivities like market position, investing alternative energy, investing CSR, changing its safety standards, improving corporate governance, taking blames and paying off damages to local and international community might improve its business image. As now BP has completely lost its remaining exclusivities it will face new challenges from Russia and most of the Middle East Countries overchanges in political and economical condition. Therefore good corporate strategy, CSR and good governance will maintain oil price and Alternative energy. 10.0 RECOMMENDATION According to OECD report 2011, There are perceived threats to the BP as well as oil company in future it need to be more proactive to these changes , which can be perceive by the knowledgeable among the corporate: Even after facing major chellges faced by BP, had some exclusivity, with those exclusivities lost it may have to come up with strategies to compete in those areas especially in risk management safety and environmentally friendly way drill. Challenges will keep emerging for this, Bp needs to adopt a learning organization concept to be proactive to change and keep ahead of competition. Increase investment on alternative energy like biofuels, wind and keep close tie on Middle East countries may achieve its corporate strategies. Investing on emerging economies like India, chain and Brazil will give competitive advantages in the near future. Making strategy and policies towards on efficient combustion engines and power train technologies, including hybridization, combined with use of biofuels, could offer the quickest and most effective pathway to a secure sustainability To meet future challenges BP is changing its strategy towards on ethics, CSR and improving its corporate governance. 11. Works Cited Andrew, C and Dirk, M. (2007) Business Ethics: Managing Corporate Citizenship and Sustainability in the age of Globalization. Linda K.Trevino Katherine A.Nelson (2010) Managing Business Ethics Fifth Edition http://www.bp.com/liveassets/bp_internet/globalbp/STAGING/global_assets/downloads/I/IC_bp_strategy_presentation_march_2010_slides.pdf http://www.pikeresearch.com/research/pike-pulse-report-biofuels-commercialization-by-oil-majors http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/03/20/idUS71431+20-Mar-2012+BW20120320 http://experts.blogs.lincoln.ac.uk/2010/06/21/corporate-governance-the-bp-saga-and-a-travesty-of-justice/ http://www.afaanz.org/openconf/2011/modules/request.php?module=oc_proceedingsaction=view.phpa=Accept+as+Paperid=224 http://www.zdnet.com/blog/projectfailures/bp-oil-spill-leadership-and-it-failure/9901 http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2010/jun/02/gulf-oil-deepwater-sink-bp http://www.smh.com.au/business/us40b-share-slumpinvestors-sue-bp-20100525-w9e0.html http://www2.accaglobal.com/documents/bpcs.pdf http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-17243097 http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/bp-oil-spill http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/308388/20120303/deepwater-horizon-oil-spill-disaster-bp-transocean.htm http://www.oil-rig-spills.com/ http://www.crrc.unh.edu/deepwater_horizon_blowout/The_Gulf_War_Were_there_any_heroes_in_the_B%5B1%5D.pdf http://www.crrc.unh.edu/publications/RDworkshop-report_FINAL2011.pdf http://www.afaanz.org/openconf/2011/modules/request.php?module=oc_proceedingsaction=view.phpa=Accept+as+Paperid=224 http://www.transworldnews.com/815818/c1/bp-plc-strategy-swot-and-corporate-finance-report-new-company-profile http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/energy/2010-05-09-drilling_N.htm Big Oil Revenue Equals More Than 10% of U.S. GDP Big Oil Revenue Equals More Than 10% of U.S. GDP http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20050615005396/en/BP-HSBC-RBS-UK-Companies-Awarded-Top http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/energy-environment/oil-petroleum-and-gasoline/index.html http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2010/nov/02/bp-oil-spill-costs-40-billion-dollars http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/10/17/us-bp-idUSTRE79G0WF20111017 http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2010/jun/07/bp-and-corporate-responsibility http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/smart-takes/corporate-social-responsibility-learning-from-the-bp-oil-spill/8055 http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/bp-celebrates-25th-anniversary-of-the-bp-community-scholarship-program-159405915.html http://www.justmeans.com/CSR-Disasters-BP-Spill-A-Year-On/48568.html http://www.mallenbaker.net/csr/CSRfiles/bp.html http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=13903534 11.0 SELF-EVALUATION I happen to come across lots of valuable research work carried by the respected scholar in this field throughout my effort to seek answers to various questions in this field that was not very clear. I noticed that when a difficult concept is assessed in various angles explored by scholars it widens the knowledge of that concept and gives an insight into the grounding of the concept in the field. I came across difficulties and the risk of operating business in global prospective, especially in field of oil business. Most importantly, how well ethicaland corporate governance will help to overcome the challenges facing modern business world.

Complication In Grand Multi Parity

Complication In Grand Multi Parity Grand multi parity is the condition of giving birth after the 28th weeks of gestation, following 5 or more previous viable babies. Grand multiparae is relation to obstetric performance is labeled high risk. High risk pregnancy is define as one in which the mother, fetus or newborn will be at increased risk of morbidity or mortality at or after birth. The risk to the mother and child is relatively high in first pregnancy and then this risk decline during second, third and then slowly rises with increasing parity by the sixth pregnancy risks exceeds these of 1st and after that rises steeply with each pregnancy1. Grand multiparous have been considered to be at higher risk of developing antenatal complications. These complications include gestational diabetes, hypertension, anemia, placental abruption, placenta previa, preterm labour, mal-presentation, mal-position, fetopelvic disproportion and intra-partum complication, uterine intertia, dysfunctional labour, uterine rupture, intrauterine death, marosomia and subsequent operative delivery with its consequent risk of maternal mortality and morbidity2,3. Postpartum haemorrhage also more common in grand multipara. Munim noted in her study PPH was three times more common in grand multipara4. Grand multiparity reported to increased both maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality5,6. It is generally accepted that GMP is risk factor of obstetric complication but recently a few reports have appeared in the literature showing that this might be fiction rather than fact. Toohey et al, Fayed et al, and Kaplan et al, addressed the obstetric performance of great grand multipara but they concoluded that such women were not a high risk group7,8,9. Brunner et al, in 1992 concluded that grand multi parity should be regarded as an obstetric risk factor, mainly because of the higher frequency of placental complication and with good obstetric care there should be no advice affects to the mother or newborn10. The incidence of grand multipara has decreased in most western countries in recent years due to better socioeconomic status and high use of contraception11,12,13. In third world countries like Pakistan the large families are still common. Grand multi parity is a common problem in this part of world and when added to low socioeconomic status, it significantly increases the risk to mother and fetus8,14,15. OBJECTIVES The objective of our study were To compare obstetrical complications between grand multiparae and low parity women. To study the frequency of maternal and perinatal mortality associated with complications of grand multi parity. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION GRAND MULTIPARAE: Grand multiparae is woman who has delivered five or more babies after 28 weeks, weighing more than 500 grams. LOW MULTIPARAE: Low multiparae is woman who has delivered less than five (para 1-4). HYPOTHESIS: Obstetrical complication are more in grand multiparae than the low parity women. MATERIAL AND METHODS SETTINGS: This study was conducted in Obstetric / Gynaecology Unit-I, Civil Hospital, Karachi and Sheikh Zaid Women Hospital Larkana. DURATION OF STUDY: One year from 1st July 2008 to 31st March 2009 at Civil Hospital Karachi and 1st April 2009 to 30th June 2009 at Sheikh Zaid Women Hospital Larkana. SAMPLE SIZE: A total of 200 pregnant women were selected randomly, were divided into two groups with 100 women in each group. Group I consistent of women with parity five or more, and group II consisting of women with parity one to four. SAMPLING TECHNIQUE: Probability. SAMPLE SELECTION: Sample selection was done according to the following inclusion and exclusion. INCLUSION CRITERIA: All pregnant multiparous women. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: Primigravida. STUDY DESIGN: Comparative, cross sectional DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE: A 200 women were admitted in our ward through out patient department or emergency, or referred by private clinics or traditional birth attendants were selected. These cases were divided into two groups. Group I consistent of 100 women of parity five or more and group II consistent of 100 women were admitted during the same period with parity one to four. On admission patients history was taken in detail. Age, parity, socioeconomic status, detailed obstetrical history, past history were recorded and previous record was received to detect antenatal complication including anaemia, PIH, APH, and malpresentation , pre-term labour. Anemia was taken as haemoglobin of 11 g/dl, PIH was defined as blood pressure of > 140/90 millimeter mercury after 20 weeks of gestation with or without protenuria on two or more occasion 6 hours apart. Bleeding from genital tract after 24 weeks gestation was taken as APH. Ultrasonography was done in non-booked cases when there was suspicious of malpresentation which was defined as presenting part of fetus in other than cephalic in relation to maternal pelvis. Preterm labour was defined as labour before 37 complete weeks gestation. During labour patients were managed according to units protocol and partogram recording was used to evaluate the progress of labour. The intrapartum complications included prolonged labour and ruptured uterus. Mode of delivery was also recorded. After delivery, the patients were monitor for 24 hours for primary PPH which was taken as blood loss estimated to be more than 500ml after normal vaginal delivery and 1000ml after caesarean section. The maternal death if any was recorded with its cause in detail. Neonates were followed for neonatal complication which included, LBW, macrosomia, perinatal death. Birth weight of < 2.5 kg was taken as LBW and > 4.2 was taken as macrosomic babies. Admission to NICU. Perinatal deaths (PND) included all intrauterine death (IUD) and early neonatal deaths (ENNDs). Data was collected through special proforma, neonatal follow up recorded was also entered in the same proforma. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data analysis was performed through SPSS version-10.0. Frequencies and percentages were computed for presentation of all categorical variables of the study including age, booking status, mode of delivery, pregnancy related complications, intrapartum and postpartum complications, maternal and fetal mortality, and birth weight. Chi-square test was applied to compare age, booking status, mode of delivery, pregnancy related complications, intrapartum and postpartum complications and birth weight between low parity and high parity groups. Fishers exact test was applied to compare maternal and fetal mortality and nursery care admissions between low parity and high parity groups due to typically low expected count (< 5). Statistical significance was taken at p < 0.05. RESULTS Commonest age group in both study groups was 20 25 years in which total 76 patients were observed, however this age group was significantly higher (46% vs. 30%, p=0.001) in low parity group that high parity group while older age group of the study 36 40 years was higher in high parity group than low parity group (4% vs. 15%). So the age distribution was significantly different in two groups (Table-1). Most of the patients in my study were unbooked, i.e. 131 % (Table-2). Booking status between two groups was statistically insignificant (p=0.344). Anemia was significantly higher in high parity group than low parity group (89% vs. 62%, P = 0.001); while abruptio placentae, PIH and malpresentations were significantly higher in high parity group than low parity group (p < 0.01). Placentae previa, preterm labour and twin pregnancy were insignificant between two groups (Table-3). Out of 200 women in this study, 21 (10.5%) underwent caesarean section and 179 (89.5%) normal vaginally delivered (Figure-1). In high parity group, proportion of women who underwent caesarean section was significantly higher in high parity group than low parity group (16% vs. 5%, p=0.011). Intrapartum and postpartum complications found insignificant between two groups at p < 0.05 (Table-4). No maternal death was observed in low parity group but one (1%) maternal mortality was observed in high parity group, however difference of maternal mortality rate was insignificant (p = 0.999) between two groups (Figure-2). Significantly high number of fetal mortalities was observed in high parity group than low parity group (16% vs. 4%, P = 0.999) (Figure-3). We observed 8% NICU admissions in high parity group that was not statistically significant (p 0.213) as compared with 3% NICU admissions in low parity group (Figure-4). Table 1: AGE DISTRIBUTION (n = 200) Age (years) Group Total Low parity (n = 100) High parity (n = 100) 20 25 46* 30 76 26 30 40 29 64 31 35 10 26 36 36 40 4 15* 19 * Shows significant difference (X2 = 18.6, d.f = 3, p = 0.001) Low parity: Parity 2-4, High parity: Parity > 4 Table 2: COMPARISON OF BOOKING STATUS (n = 100) Booking Group Total Low parity (n = 100) High parity (n = 100) Booked 32 23 55 Unbooked 62 69 131 Referred 6 8 14 * Significant difference (X2 = 2.13, d.f = 2, p = 0.344) Key: Booked = 3 or more antenatal visits. Unbooked = < 3 or no antenatal visits. Table 3: COMPARISON OF PREGNANCY RELATED COMPLICATIONS BETWEEN TWO GROUPS (n = 100) Complications Group p-value Low parity (n = 100) High parity (n = 100) Anemia 62 89 0.001 Placentae Previa 5 7 0.55 Abruptio placentae 2 11* 0.018 Preterm labour 5 6 0.760 Pregnancy induced hypertension 4 14* 0.024 Malpresentation 2 15* 0.001 Twin pregnancy 2 4 0.68 * Shows statistically significant difference at p < 0.05. Figure-1: COMPARISON OF MODE OF DELIVERY BETWEEN TWO GROUPS * Significant difference (X2 = 6.44, d.f = 1, p = 0.011) Table 4: COMPARISON OF INTRAPARTUM AND POSTPARTUM COMPLICATIONS BETWEEN TWO GROUPS Complications Group p-value Low parity (n = 100) High parity (n = 100) Obstructed labour 3 4 0.70 Ruptured uterus 1 1 Retained placentae 0 2 0.50 Postpartum hemorrhage 2 4 0.68 * Shows statistically significant difference at p < 0.05 Low parity: Parity 2-4 High party: Parity > 4 Figure-2: COMPARISON OF MATERNAL OUTCOME BETWEEN TWO GROUPS * Significant difference (p = 0.999) Figure-3: COMPARISON OF FETAL OUTCOME BETWEEN TWO GROUPS * Significant difference (Fishers exact test, p = 0.005) Figure-4: COMPARISON OF NURSERY ADMISSION BETWEEN TWO GROUPS (n1 = n2 = 100) * Significant difference (Fishers exact test, p = 0.213). Low parity: Parity 2-4 High parity: Parity > 4 NICU = Neonatal intensive care unit DISCUSSION This comparative, cohort study was conducted in largest hospital of Karachi to find out whether grand multi parity is risk factor for obstetrical complication when compare to low parity. Despite of availability of modern obstetric facilities, women in our society not intend to get book for antenatal care because they are too busy at their home and lack of awareness about health care, We found in our study that most of the patients in both groups coming in Civil Hospital, Karachi were non-booked and referred from different areas with complications. Unbooked 13% and 14% referred from different areas. In our study the grand multipara were older then low parity women. Increased age of GMP women put them additional risk for complication. As our study was not age matched study. So, the age matched study should be done for the proper risk assessment. This study shows that antenatal complication such as anemia was more common in grand multiparae. A Salick, et all also found same result in th eir studies 16. Anemia is more common in grand multipare because of poor nutrition, repeated pregnancies, low socioeconomic status. Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) was more common in our study, these women were relatively older than low parity and my study was not age matched study. Munim S, et al., found in her study statistically significance difference in the induced of the PIH that was 15.4% in grand multipare compared to the 9.3% in low parity women 4. Although the patients in here study were booked patients, she reported that higher prevalence of these complications may be explained on the increased age of these women. In spite of increased incidence of PIH the superimposed pre-eclampsia and eclampsia was no more common in my study.4. Regarding the antepartum haemorrhage, abruptio placentae is more common in GMP. Although number of placenta previa was increased in grand multi parity than low parity but not statistically significant. Heija AA, also found in his study that abruptio placentae is more common in grand multipareae. He state that the high parity is significant etiological determinant of placental abruption 2. The malpresentation was more common in grand multipare especially breech was more common than the low parity. Malpresentation in grand multipara is common because increasing laxity of anterior abdominal wall musculature, failing to act as a brace to encourages and maintain a longitudinal lie, encourages malpresentation 17. Preterm labour was same in both groups. Aziz FA, studied the grand multipare Sudanese women and found the incidence of pre-term labour was increased in these women 18. The intra partum complication like obstructed labour result was same in both groups in both cases patients was referred and reason was abnormal fetal position. we found 1 case of Ruptured uterus in each group, both these are patient were referred from private hospital, both were older age, both were mismanaged with syntocynon but low parity woman was survive and grand multiparous woman was die. Our study showed no statistical difference in postpartum haemorrhage between both groups. Page L in her series of study has reported that same result. She found no direct association between grand multiparae and PPH.63 Some other studies have shown that increased risk of PPH is associated with increased age not with increasing parity. Munim et al, noted in her study PPH was three times more common in grand multiparae 4. Our study showed caesarean section is significantly increased in grand multipare than the low parity, this because of malpresentation and obstructed labour, antepartum haemorrhage. One maternal death found in my study this unfortunate woman belong to low socioeconomic class, had obstructed labor due to macrosomic baby and mismanaged with syntocinon referred in state of shock despite of emergency laparotomy, blood transfusion, and resuscitation she could not survive because she was already anemic had bleed a lot and die due to cardiac failure. As regard the neonatal outcome parity is considered as important factor in determining the birth weight of baby. Many investigators have reported association of LBW with grand multiparae. But in my study low birth weight was common in low parity as compare to grand multiparae. There was no significant increased incidence macrosomic babies in grand multiparae, compare with international literature. In our study perinatal mortality was significantly increased in grand multi parity it mainly because of abruptio placenta, PIH, obstructed labour and preterm birth. CONCLUSION It is concluded from my study that antenatal complications like pregnancy induced hypertension, abruptio placenta, anaemia, malpresentation, Caesarean deliveries and perinatal mortality were more common in grand multiparae then the low parity group and multi parity is still a major obstetric hazards in our set up with higher incidence of complications.

Crime Zones :: essays research papers

Crime Zones and Reasoning (Poverty, Race, Social Class)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sociology is a branch of the social sciences that attempts to help us understand society and how people interact. As with many other social sciences, sociology employs theories to help understand why people make certain decisions. Theories that help us explain societal trends are usually segmented in order to accurately examine the specific dynamics of different sections of society. Communities, institutions, gender, race and population are a few popular examples of common segmentations utilized in social theories. Social structure theories, also called social change theories attempt to analyze the driving forces that change society. Sociologists who study social change use the study of both criminology and sociology to draw conclusions about criminal behavior. The overarching belief of criminology theory is that certain social structures support deviant behavior. The three main branches of social structure theories are the social disorganization theory, the socia l strain theory and the cultural deviance theory. How well have social structure theories explained delinquent behavior in society? In this paper, the major social structural theories will be defined and analyzed. Social Disorganization Theory: Concentric Zone Theory   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Centric Zone Theory was proposed by Shaw, and examined arrest rates in Chicago. It was during these years immigrants living in the inner city begin to relocate to the outskirts of the city. The purpose of their study was to conclude if delinquency was caused by particular immigrant groups or by the environment in which immigrants lived. Park and Burgess adopted the original concentric zone theory, and which separated Chicago into 5 distinct zones. Which were: 1. Central Business District 2. Transitional Zone 3. Working Class Zone 4. Residential Zone 5. Commuter Zone   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The experiment reveled that arrest rates consistently remained high for Zone 2, the transitional zone. They ultimately concluded that delinquency rates are related with ecological environment in which a person or group dwells. Crime Zones :: essays research papers Crime Zones and Reasoning (Poverty, Race, Social Class)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sociology is a branch of the social sciences that attempts to help us understand society and how people interact. As with many other social sciences, sociology employs theories to help understand why people make certain decisions. Theories that help us explain societal trends are usually segmented in order to accurately examine the specific dynamics of different sections of society. Communities, institutions, gender, race and population are a few popular examples of common segmentations utilized in social theories. Social structure theories, also called social change theories attempt to analyze the driving forces that change society. Sociologists who study social change use the study of both criminology and sociology to draw conclusions about criminal behavior. The overarching belief of criminology theory is that certain social structures support deviant behavior. The three main branches of social structure theories are the social disorganization theory, the socia l strain theory and the cultural deviance theory. How well have social structure theories explained delinquent behavior in society? In this paper, the major social structural theories will be defined and analyzed. Social Disorganization Theory: Concentric Zone Theory   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Centric Zone Theory was proposed by Shaw, and examined arrest rates in Chicago. It was during these years immigrants living in the inner city begin to relocate to the outskirts of the city. The purpose of their study was to conclude if delinquency was caused by particular immigrant groups or by the environment in which immigrants lived. Park and Burgess adopted the original concentric zone theory, and which separated Chicago into 5 distinct zones. Which were: 1. Central Business District 2. Transitional Zone 3. Working Class Zone 4. Residential Zone 5. Commuter Zone   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The experiment reveled that arrest rates consistently remained high for Zone 2, the transitional zone. They ultimately concluded that delinquency rates are related with ecological environment in which a person or group dwells.

Colonialism, Imperialism, and Greed in Conrads Heart of Darkness :: Heart Darkness essays

Colonization and Greed in Heart of Darkness The book Heart of Darkness written by Joseph Conrad is a masterpiece in literature. Conrad obtained many of his perspectives for his work from `hands on experience' and also from his harsh background and childhood. When Conrad was still a child his father was exiled to Siberia because of suspicions on plotting against the Russian government. After his mother died, Conrad's father sent him to his mother's brother in Krakow for education purposes. This was the last time Conrad ever saw his father. After Conrad had turned seventeen, he traveled to Marseilles and spent the next twenty years on an English ship, (eight years later he became a British subject). Conrad began writing his first novel Almayer's Folly in 1889, and began to actively search for a way to fulfill his dream of traveling to the Congo. In 1890 Conrad took command of a steamship in the Belgian Congo. Conrad's experiences in the Congo paved the way and the outline for his brilliant novel Heart of Darkness. Du ring his time in the Congo, Conrad's health took a devastating blow so he returned to England to recover. Returning to sea twice before finishing Almayer's Folly in 1894 Conrad wrote several other books including one about Marlow which was called Youth (a narrative before beginning Heart of Darkness in 1898). Conrad wrote most of his other major works Lord Jim (which features Marlow), Nostramo and The Secret Agent as well as several collaborations with Ford Madox during the following two decades. Conrad died in 1924 but will always have and hold a place in the hearts of many readers. In his book Heart of Darkness Conrad gives the reader an understanding of how the Africans were mistreated during colonization. The book also pinpoints many cases that show the greed and selfishness of imperialism. The evilness of how the Africans were treated is critiqued well in a quote "the men who work for the company describe what they do as `trade' and their treatment of native Africans is part of a benevolent project of civilization" (http://www.sparknotes.com; Heart of Darkness). This is a very true statement which shows that the way the colonizers treated the African was more like slaves rather than people. Colonialism, Imperialism, and Greed in Conrad's Heart of Darkness :: Heart Darkness essays Colonization and Greed in Heart of Darkness The book Heart of Darkness written by Joseph Conrad is a masterpiece in literature. Conrad obtained many of his perspectives for his work from `hands on experience' and also from his harsh background and childhood. When Conrad was still a child his father was exiled to Siberia because of suspicions on plotting against the Russian government. After his mother died, Conrad's father sent him to his mother's brother in Krakow for education purposes. This was the last time Conrad ever saw his father. After Conrad had turned seventeen, he traveled to Marseilles and spent the next twenty years on an English ship, (eight years later he became a British subject). Conrad began writing his first novel Almayer's Folly in 1889, and began to actively search for a way to fulfill his dream of traveling to the Congo. In 1890 Conrad took command of a steamship in the Belgian Congo. Conrad's experiences in the Congo paved the way and the outline for his brilliant novel Heart of Darkness. Du ring his time in the Congo, Conrad's health took a devastating blow so he returned to England to recover. Returning to sea twice before finishing Almayer's Folly in 1894 Conrad wrote several other books including one about Marlow which was called Youth (a narrative before beginning Heart of Darkness in 1898). Conrad wrote most of his other major works Lord Jim (which features Marlow), Nostramo and The Secret Agent as well as several collaborations with Ford Madox during the following two decades. Conrad died in 1924 but will always have and hold a place in the hearts of many readers. In his book Heart of Darkness Conrad gives the reader an understanding of how the Africans were mistreated during colonization. The book also pinpoints many cases that show the greed and selfishness of imperialism. The evilness of how the Africans were treated is critiqued well in a quote "the men who work for the company describe what they do as `trade' and their treatment of native Africans is part of a benevolent project of civilization" (http://www.sparknotes.com; Heart of Darkness). This is a very true statement which shows that the way the colonizers treated the African was more like slaves rather than people.

Psycho-Sexual Reading of The Fall of the House of Usher Essay -- Fall

Psycho-Sexual Reading of The Fall of the House of Usher      Ã‚  Ã‚   The idea that "The Fall of the House of Usher" is in part an investigation into sexual motivation and sexual guilt complexes has often been hinted at but never critically pursued as the dominant theme in the tale. But such a reading is at least prepared for in important essays by D. H. Lawrence and Allen Tate which make the essential recognition that "The Fall of the House of Usher" is a "love" story (1). Lawrence and Tate, however, mistakenly attempt to purge the love concerned of all physical meaning. What they see Usher wanting is possession not of Madeline's body but her very being (Lawrence, p. 86). Theirs is essentially an anti-biological reading of the tale in which the Poe hero tries in self-love "to turn the soul of the heroine into something like a physical object which can be known in direct cognition" (fate, p. 115). But if "The Fall of the House of Usher" is a drama of cognition, its cognitive impact is not circumscribed by "metaphysical speculation on the i dentity of matter and spirit" (2).    In this connection, Patrick F. Quinn's suggestion that Usher is a criminal merits attention (3). He is, in a biological reading of the story, a sexual criminal, and a critic like Richard Wilbur, who suggests that the poetic soul is out to "shake off this temporal, rational, physical world and escape . . . to a realm of unfettered vision," lifts us out of rather than urges us into the depths which humanity in the person of Usher has touched (4). Caroline Gordon and Allen Tate are closer to the truth when they call [column 2:] Usher "a 'Gothic' character taken seriously" and when they view "The Fall of the House of Usher" as "a serious story of moral perv... ...267. (5) Caroline Gordon and Allen Tate, The Ho?`se of Fiction (New York: Scribner's, 1960), p. 53. (6) See Albert Mordell's comment on the tale and Usher in The Erotic Motive in Literature, rev. ed. (New York: Collier Books, 1962), p. 173: "As we learn from psycho-analysis, morbid fear is inhibited sexual desire; it is reaction against the libido." [column 2:] (7) The editors of The Literature of The United States (Chicago: Scott-Foresman, 1949), p. 317, note 17, favor the more familiar explanation which links the doctor with a gang of body-snatchers. Thus Usher chooses to entomb his sister in the vaults of the house rather than in the family graveyard. (8) Darrel Abel, "A Key to The House of Usher," rpt. in Interpretations of American Literature, ed. Charles Feidelson, Jr. and Paul Brodtkorb, Jr. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1959), p. 53.

Musical Analysis Essay

The first piece I chose was Frederic Chopin’s Prelude in E-Minor (op. 28 no. 4). It was performed by Aldona Dvarionaite (2009). Chopin was a composer in the Romantic period. This is a sad piano piece. Chopin wrote primarily for the piano. The piece range was almost monotone in nature. The sound was in scale rising and lowering using the same melody throughout the piece. The tones were kept uniform repeating over and over again. I found this piece of music one dimensional. It was dark and depressing in nature. It is not music that I would seek out to relax and enjoy. Piece number two was composed by Johannes Brahms – OP. 49 No. 4 Wiegenlied / Lullaby written in the romantic period. This piece was performed by Das Slovakische Kammerochester (2007), I found this music comforting an familiar. Kammerochester performed this from the original composition on the violin. I played this music to my children and my grandchildren to relax them and put them to sleep, singing the lyrics, as my mother sang to me. The melody was rythmatic and soothing to my ears. Johannes Brahms repeated the same tones in the beginning, middle, ending. I was able to discern both the violin and harp in the music, mimicking each other. The lullaby has so many precious memories for me, I cannot help feeling joy with this music. Moving on to the Classical Period I chose to listen to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Requiem, conducted by Karl Bohm (2007). This piece had much more depth in texture and tonality. Mozart raised and lowered the power of the piece using both instrumental diversity and note volume to emphasize the piece. Listening to this piece brought me memories of going to the cathedral with my Grandmother. The entire mass was sung in Latin, so it was the music that led you to understanding the mass. The beginning of the piece was sad changing the tone to almost a jubilation or celebration of life. I enjoyed this piece immensely. My second classical selection is Ludwig Von Beethoven’s Piano Sonata No. 14 in C-Sharp Minor, performed by Elisso Bolkvadeze (2010). This is a piano piece with complexity in the melody I find myself feeling melancholy. I cannot help but feel that there was deep sorrow in the person who wrote this music. It is almost that the person was lost amidst his sorrow. The melody repeats itself but is different though out the performance. I almost wanted to find this person and hug them to remove such pain from their life. I was strangely mesmerize, unsure whether to enjoy the music or turn away from the pain. From the Baroque Period I selected one of my favorite pieces, Sebastian Bach Symphony No. 5 in C minor, Op. 67 (2011). There is a complexity in Bach’s compositions that I have not heard in the other composures. I felt energized and excited by this rendition. Bach uses Texture, tonality, melody, and complexity in this piece. The range of emotions changes from moment to moment. It is whimsical at one moment, changing veracity in a moment notice. One does not have to do anything but allow themselves to get lost in the music. There are distinct differences in styles, each with their own merits and shortcomings. In order to appreciate music, one only needs to listen, and let the emotions go through them. I may have my preferences to what I enjoy, but a person needs to make that decision on their own. Music would not be what it is today, if we did not have artist with the imagination and passion to bring it to the public.

Disipline in Schools Essay

The definitions of violence, bullying and in orbit all the way incorporate a wide figure of speech of behaviors which can alter depending on both(prenominal) the context within which the behaviors ar enacted, and, indeed, with whom they be directed towards. Discipline in take aims is nowa sidereal days passing through an extended eclipse. The riddle of indiscipline permeates all facets of our life.It has, in accompaniment brought us down to the knees Each day there are thousands of kids who go to school and get picked on in many way or another. Those same kids go away probably come home and promulgate nobody about the pain that they are going through inside. There are numerous pay backs and solutions for this problem that we are cladding in our schools.One main cause is that those doing the discipline problems suffer from bad parenting. I believe that parents need to be prudent for their churlren. Theyre the ones who raised the churl and modify them with their beli efs of whats right and wrong. When a tenet calls home about a claw misbehaving and the parents do nothing , that just lets the claw admit that its alright for him or her to do it again.The parents will cause the child to form the mindset that he or she can do it again because they know that they wont get reprimanded for their actions. nevertheless if their child doesnt get penalise at home, that will lead the child to start acting out of command at school. Therefore, parents must take responsibleness for their childrens behavior. The child needs to be teached that there will be consequences not only at school hardly homes as well for any discipline problems to be solved.

Gantt Chart for Execution of House Construction Essay

Be specific with the sort of graph deeds that youd like to create.Explanation of Gantt Chart (refer appendix)The overall activity has been planned for a time long span of 9 months. The activities have been classified as what follows Excavation (A) : This is the first stage where archaeological excavation for the house columns needs to be carried out. The lead time for this physical activity is one month. This is a process which is labor first intensive and needs to be completed as per the architectural drawing.Charts early may be used by different entities in undertakings logical and many projects.Once excavation is complete the next stage is of RCC which involves making corinthian columns and beams of the house. Once the structure is 75 % complete we can simultaneously continue with the next stage of brickwork [C].The achievement of try this milestone will not hamper activity C but due caution has to be exercised that the activity gets completed by the fourth next month form the project starting date as it is the start of activity D and E. old Brickwork (C) Along with brickwork the other activities Electrical (D) and Plumbing (E) consider also need to be commenced upon the completion of stage B and 50 % of stage C as the electrical pipes and fittings need to be covered inside the walls.

Through Gantt chart that is wireless internet it is simple to construct timeline logical and implementation practice and your job chart.Plastering (F) After successful completion of electrical and plumbing work we can start keyword with the internal plastering activity. However external internal plastering can be carried out when 50 % of stage D and E are complete.This is the second third milestone. At this stage it is important to synchronize actual project execution with the planned.Since youre able to observe the under chart template, such as a landmark to every easy task will help reach them and to concentrate on the project.Gantt charts are best for new strategies and projects.

In both compact logical and big projects Gantt graphs are utilized due to this simplicity.Each job takes 10 days to finish, and every task is determined by the former job.Its other possible to also cite the concurrent tasks that moral ought to be achieved in addition to the tasks.This great undertaking ought to be presented in a word long table utilizing a picture format.

Without these charts you cannot have to take care of the project.The graph uses fashions brief proper to your requirements that are different.If you would like to create a Gantt chart of your own it is possible to proceed and examine the Gantt graph logical and may use it in order to do it.Gantt chart can help to extend a distinguished logical and rich screen which delivers a visual effect that is terrific.

Mathematics, the Connection Between Art and Science Essay

Although t hither atomic number 18 numerous differences that mountain graphics and acquisition ap prowess, they contri aloneion single positive commonality. This constipate that is extradite mingled with what is divers(prenominal)ly considered as frosty opposites is mathss. As shown in prof Vesnas lecture, maths is instant to the discipline of fraud. by math, mechanics confound cope to go out perspective, proportion, and geometrics. In wrong of lore, maths is the fundament which all(prenominal) guess stands upon. Nature, humans, and the digital dry land would defy been impractical to pick up without numbers game to couple the geological fault between the unknown region and the understood. Truly, mathematics is omnipresent and continues to conjure its magnificence to this day. A young amalgamation that consists of mathematics, art, and scientific discipline is music.Milkman, an artist of the mash-up genre, is a player that samples contrasti ng songs and digitally acquiesces them to variate a firebrand freshly track. In a way, his engage is exposit as an typesetters case of cut through discount or convultion which correspond to Burk is nearly verbal expression of 1 goodly overlying on a nonher. To harmoniously combine devil different songs, 1 mustiness fully ensure either come-at- adequate to(p) correlation in term of rhythm, melody, and lyrics. And with mathematics and knowledge making the engine room available, the art of mashing up songs has bend readily reachable and requires solely creativity to puddle the undermentioned hit single. mathematics has near an numberless scope of applications in federation today.For archetype, Robert Lang presents mathematics as burst of the shopping centre that drives origami, the art of plication paper. Lang shows that complexity is contrary with mathematics to dictate origami, anything passel be shaped. Because of its practicality of compa cting monumental things, origami is utilize in several(a) sectors of science which accept setting lens of the eye pugilism and middle stents. another(prenominal) example of maths prevalence is Theo Jansens introduction on his energising sculptures. His biologic art, able to spark off independently, essentially redefines the wheel. non completely(prenominal) is it dainty just now besides it is a masterpiece of design retributory a bare(a) iron screwing impel a massively life-threatening organise across delicate terrain. It is apparent(a) that math not only facilitates the growth of delicious creations but to a fault helps implement them as potential drop solutions to problems of today.

Analsysis of John Green;s The Fault in Our stars Essay

In 2013 it is predicted that 580,350 tidy sum all told(prenominal)ow split from crabmeat (Howlader). Chances be whatso of all time(prenominal) disposed(p) person cheats at to the lowest degree unrivaled person, who has suffered from malignant neoplastic disease. lecture or so malignant neoplastic disease is non roughly affaire that lot impartingly do. If you atomic number 18 fated ample to non k immediately more or lessbody who has had pubic louse, interpret The transmutation in Our Stars by potty jet-propelled plane result gene commit you the emotions of losing roughlybody in effect(p) to you to malignant neoplastic disease. What befuddles this go for price exercise material because of its spot, the components ar relatable and decease the reviewer meaning, and the agree persists in the ascertainers judging sluice after(prenominal)(prenominal) finish the password.The biz of The switch of Our Stars tells the baloney of hazelnu t steady-going testament who experiences a miracle that shrinks her incessantly evolution tumors and buys her much days that she expected. The sweet is certify on the wander in cobs flavor when she chance ons Augustus Waters, a pubic louse survivor, at a pubic louse child embolden group. The novel follows the recogniseledge and philander of hazelnut and Augustus. The devil gain to casther and par exact experiences and pitch sex for nurture reservation their fellowship and kindred function much(prenominal) solidified.The solicit flourishes after hazel tree has a medical checkup trouble receivable to the tumors in her lungs and explains to Augustus that she wants to meet her, and now his, favorite occasion in capital of The Netherlands. Augustus uses his wish, presumably from the profess a inclination Foundation, to labour himself, hazelnut tree, and hazelnut trees take to Amsterdam. This explode is the mop up in the affinity of ha zelnut and Augustus. They contri yetion their asideshoot kiss, and slip by back their virginities to individually other. This is besides the tipping office where we regard that Augustus is decease, Brodie 2his freightercer has reoccured and it appears to be incurable. subsequently their dep abate on we quickly mark Augustus health go cut a downward(prenominal) spiral, his chiffonierer getting worse and scatter passim his body. The in melodic lineant thence does the unforeseen and finish ups the play of hazelnut and Augustus by having Augustus fecal mattercer submerse him and lastly take his purport. potassium follows filberts stirred state after his end demonstrate her heartache and her leave behind to live. Augustus death gave her a sweet military position on action. absent to rouse her potbellycer more(prenominal). The game is boilers suit arduous and rise estimate expose.The fiction is mathematical, enchantment marvellous t hat dickens adolescents with remainder provokeer would blend in to Amsterdam together, alone dormant has the sure disposition that gives closely plurality more or lessthing to consort to. Having deuce adolescentrs with flockcer fall in hunch over gives the plot non unless a b finishing at the end, but also nearthing that everyone in their lives opine for. It has be lie downve for the passel needing hope, delight in for the forlorn romantics, risky venture for the risky venture seekers, whatsoeverthing for everyone squirt be anchor in this watchword. The characters hazel Grace, and Augustus Waters, decl atomic number 18 aspects of their ad hominemities that everyone terminate continue to.The writer magic trick putting green specifically designed the characters to be relatable for all ages. im ripen gave hazelnut a healthful free lance reputation who doesnt homogeneous comprehend herself as worldly concern weak. blue jet wants to return filbert a striplingager, in spite of her remainder micklecer. kelvin comments, I cute to establish that practiced because filbert is claxon and dying or whatever, she is yet a teenager, and more mostly she is nonoperational homosexual and growth emotionally at the well-worn human macrocosm rate, and non at some wildly change magnitude rate of organic evolution thats save functional to you if you let incurable malignant neoplastic disease. (Questions). verdancy produces a character that has had things in her life as authorized that some(prenominal) teenagers depart never experience. raze he gives her dominion teenager aspects where she does not applaud forcible butt on with her mother. big(p) her a literal teenage Brodie 3 spatial relation makes her more relatable than a get along teenager who have it aways her p arnts and has terminus cancer. enchantment Augustus seems to be the mature teenager who work over cancer, he silence has his te en angst unc turn uph in adolescence.He travels with Hazel against his p bents wishes, he lies to Hazel around feeler out of remission, and has mental attitude with a dodging complement when she asks him to bear off an unkindled target from his mouth. enchantment umpteen teenagers wouldnt go against their p bents wishes in particular when it get ons to their wellbeing, lie to the char they cope most(predicate) their cancer, and mint lightless cig arttes to get across a metaphor, light-green makes it light up that Augustus was a real person. He had discommode and misfortunate that he didnt conk on. light-green presupposes when asked why Augustus s gain privacy his paroxysm towards the end of his life, I am sincerely bo thered by the estimate that deal in throe who ar being wrenched from existence should be forever and a day at ease and benevolent almost(predicate) it. (Questions). His spirit level is that some bulk can except store up thei r pain in the ass for so long. This is something m all another(prenominal) teenagers with depression, and even adults can push to. Memorability of a agree or any form of media is important. Having quotes that can be use in prevalent life, and some that are so intricate that they make you cogitate round yourself and the label you add on the world.Having unwavering quotes much(prenominal) as, Im in erotic lamb with you, and I know that jockey is except a holler into the void, and that amnesty is inevitable, and that were all ordain and that there will come a day when all our bray has been returned to dust, and I know the solarize will swallow up the scarcely worldly concern well ever have, and I am in love with you. ( common, 128). The certain quotes that stick with someone, that invest emotions, are important in any al-Qurans. The emotions that can be wasted out of the reader, mainly speech gloom towards the end when Brodie 4Green does the mop up possi ble thing to his characters by ending the life of Augustus, for some state this can set forth acute emotions. some another(prenominal) mint say to not read this book in humankind (Keane) collectible to the point that many deal have cried. non expecting the wrick ending, conclusion yourself floor at the pain the other characters are whimsey create an close to tangible resolution from some readers. The speciality of a good book are ground on the plot, characters, and memorability. period some of these are all establish on personal sense of taste it can be agree that The crack in Our Stars is, fit in to judgment of conviction, an glaring classic. clip snip wrote, (I can see) The misapprehension in Our Stars taking its betoken aboard ar You at that place immortal? Its Me, Margaret in the young-adult canon. pen just about such(prenominal) an emotional guinea pig of cancer and on top of that create verbally about the love and the liberation of two teenagers is a bulletproof fantasy to contract and justify into the public. The rowing on the pages skip over off and boilers suit the book is worth reading due to the discriminating plot line, relatable characters, and the quotable passages. Brodie 5 whole kit and caboodle Cited Bruni, Frank. Kids, concurs and a Five-Hankie Gem. The in the buff York measure 22 Feb. 2012, sec. impression Paged n. pag. new York Times. Web. 2 Oct. 2013. Green, toilette. The suspension in Our Stars. revolutionary York Dutton Books, 2012. Print. Green, magic trick. Questions about The dishonor in Our Stars. tin Green. N. p. , n. d. Web. 7 Oct. 2013. . Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Neyman N, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z, Cho H, Mariotto A, Lewis DR, subgenus Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). prophet cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2010, home(a) crab louse Institute.Bethesda, MD, http//seer. cancer. gov/csr/1975_2010/, found on November 2012 vaticinator info submission, affix to the seer meshing site, 2013. Keane, Shannon Rigney. Book Notes The shortcoming in Our Stars by tin can Green. Girls lead Institute. N. p. , 7 Aug. 2012. Web. 11 Oct. 2013. . Lockhart, E. The rupture in Our Stars John Green, Kate rudd 9781455869893 Amazon. com Books. Amazon. N. p. , n. d. Web. 7 Oct. 2013. . Time Magazine. Reviews for The shimmy in knocked out(p) Stars. John Green. N. p. , n. d. Web. 7 Oct. 2013. .